Internal Applications of Patha (Cissampelos pareira Linn.) in Classical Ayurvedic Formulations – A Systemic and Strotas-wise Review

Abstract

Introduction: Patha (Cissampelos pareira Linn.), a key herb in Ayurveda, has been used since the Vedic kala and is cited in numerous classical compendia for its efficacy in a wide array of internal therapeutic applications. Patha having tikta, katu rasa, and tridosha-balancing actions, it acts as a principal or supportive ingredient in a variety of disease-specific formulations addressing Atisara, Jvara, Kushta, Grahani, Prameha. A single hand information of strotas based indication of Patha is still lacking, so the purpose of this study to present a detailed, Strotasbased analysis of classical Ayurvedic formulations containing Patha. Methods: A systematic review of classical Ayurvedic literature including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and major compendia was performed. Synonyms of Patha were used to identify relevant compound formulations. Formulations were categorized according to Strotas (physiological channels) and clinical indications. 

Results: The review identified 369 unique internal formulations containing Patha, spanning 22 dosage forms—with Churna (powder), Kwatha (decoction), and Ghrita (medicated ghee) being most common. These formulations are prescribed for over 85 disease conditions primarily affecting Annavaha (digestive), Pranavaha (respiratory), Medovaha (metabolic), Mutravaha (urinary), and other Strotas. Atisara, Jvara, Kushta, Grahani, Prameha and Kasa represent leading indications. The root is the mainly used part.

Conclusion:

Patha holds a pivotal role in classical Ayurvedic therapeutics, being deployed in many formulations for a diverse range of disease conditions and via multiple dosage forms. This underscores not only its traditional versatility but also the potential for modern scientific validation and integration into contemporary practice.